@font-face{font-family:RWSerif;src:local("Baskerville"),local("Palatino Linotype");font-display:swap}
:root{--paper:#f7f5f0;--ink:#2f3b3a;--muted:#66706b;--green:#536d82;--sage:#e6ecf0;--lavender:#e9e5ed;--line:#d9dcd4;--blue:#667b8b;--serif:RWSerif,"Iowan Old Style","Palatino Linotype",Palatino,Georgia,serif;--sans:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI","Noto Sans SC",Arial,sans-serif}
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29px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.paper:last-child{border-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0;margin-bottom:0}.paper .paper-title{font-size:24px}.paper .coauthors{font-size:12px}.paper .small-note{font-size:12px}.entry-heading{display:flex;gap:22px;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline}.entry-heading h3{font-size:23px}.entry-heading>span{font-size:11px;color:var(--muted);white-space:nowrap}.entry-role{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);margin:10px 0 18px}.course-list{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}.course-list li{font-size:14px;margin:0 0 15px;border-left:2px solid #c5cfc0;padding-left:16px}.course-list strong{font-weight:500}.course-list span{display:block;font-size:12px;line-height:1.6;color:var(--muted);margin-top:2px}.teaching-entry+.teaching-entry{margin-top:32px;border-top:1px solid 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a.small-note{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:11px!important;margin-top:5px}.personal-note{color:var(--muted);font-size:13px!important;margin:28px 0 0}.city-study{margin:0 0 0;position:relative}.city-study img{width:100%;height:250px;object-fit:cover;object-position:center 48%;filter:saturate(.63) contrast(.94)}.city-study figcaption{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:18px;font-size:10px;color:var(--muted);padding-top:12px;letter-spacing:.3px}.city-study figcaption>span:first-child{font-style:italic;font-family:var(--serif);font-size:15px;color:var(--ink)}.contact-section{display:grid;grid-template-columns:220px 1fr;gap:54px;padding:65px 0 70px}.contact-section .eyebrow{margin-bottom:14px}.contact-email{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:30px;text-decoration:none}.contact-section p{font-size:12px;margin:8px 0}.social-links{display:flex;gap:26px;padding-top:8px}.social-links a{text-decoration:none}.site-footer{border-top:1px solid 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@media(min-width:1200px){.hero-portrait{margin-top:9px}}
@media(max-width:1000px){.container,.header-inner,.footer-inner{width:calc(100% - 64px)}.header-inner{gap:20px}.university-brand>span{display:none}.site-nav{gap:22px}.hero{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 240px;gap:40px;padding-top:58px}.hero h1{font-size:54px}.name-zh{font-size:24px;margin-left:8px;letter-spacing:3px}.hero-portrait img{width:240px}.section,.contact-section{grid-template-columns:180px minmax(0,1fr);gap:32px}.section-heading h2{font-size:30px}.contact-email{font-size:26px}}
@media(max-width:720px){html{scroll-padding-top:24px}.container,.header-inner,.footer-inner{width:calc(100% - 40px)}.header-inner{min-height:108px;align-items:center;gap:18px}.university-brand img{width:45px;height:45px}.site-nav{gap:8px 19px;justify-content:flex-end;font-size:12px;max-width:280px}.site-nav .language-link{border:0;padding:0;font-size:11px}.hero{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 130px;gap:18px;padding:42px 0}.hero .eyebrow{font-size:8px;letter-spacing:1.5px;margin-bottom:17px}.hero h1{font-size:42px;white-space:normal;line-height:1.1;letter-spacing:-1.5px}.name-zh{display:block;font-size:23px;margin:10px 0 0;letter-spacing:4px}.hero-portrait{padding-top:9px;margin-top:8px}.hero-portrait:before{right:-7px;height:calc(100% - 30px)}.hero-portrait img{width:130px;aspect-ratio:3/4}.hero-portrait figcaption{font-size:8px;margin-top:8px}.role{font-size:14px;margin-top:17px}.affiliation{font-size:11px;line-height:1.5;margin-top:4px;margin-bottom:0}.intro,.hero .market-note,.hero .button-row,.hero-email{width:calc(100% + 148px)}.intro{margin-top:26px;font-size:14px}.intro p{margin-bottom:14px}.market-note{font-size:12px;padding:10px 12px;margin:22px 0}.button{font-size:11px;gap:10px;padding:9px 12px}.button-row{gap:9px}.hero-email{margin-top:18px;font-size:12px}.section{display:block;padding:34px 0}.section-heading{margin-bottom:25px}.section-heading .eyebrow{margin-bottom:12px;font-size:9px}.section-heading h2{font-size:29px}.section-heading h2 br{display:none}.section-heading h2 br:after{content:" "}.section-aside{display:none}.paper-feature{padding:24px 21px 20px}.paper-title{font-size:25px}.paper .paper-title{font-size:23px}.paper-feature .eyebrow{font-size:8px;letter-spacing:1.2px}.coauthors{font-size:11px}.paper-summary,.paper>p{font-size:13px}.paper-links{font-size:11px;gap:20px}.abstract{font-size:12px}.entry-heading{display:block}.entry-heading>span{display:block;margin-top:6px}.entry-heading h3{font-size:23px}.entry-role{margin-top:7px}.visits{gap:22px}.visits h3{font-size:19px}.visits p{font-size:11px}.text-link{margin-top:13px}.city-study img{height:185px;object-position:62% 47%}.city-study figcaption{display:block;font-size:9px}.city-study figcaption>span{display:block}.city-study figcaption>span:first-child{font-size:14px;margin-bottom:2px}.contact-section{display:block;padding:40px 0}.contact-section>div:first-child{margin-bottom:23px}.contact-section h2{font-size:30px}.contact-email{font-size:25px}.footer-inner{font-size:9px;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:7px;padding:17px 0}.footer-inner p{width:100%}html[lang="zh-CN"] .hero h1{font-size:36px;letter-spacing:3px}html[lang="zh-CN"] .name-zh{font-size:25px;margin:12px 0 0}html[lang="zh-CN"] .hero .role{font-size:12px;margin-top:18px}html[lang="zh-CN"] .hero-portrait img{width:130px}html[lang="zh-CN"] .intro{font-size:14px}html[lang="zh-CN"] .paper-feature>p{font-size:13px}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}}
@media print{body{background:white;font-size:11pt}.site-header,.hero-portrait,.city-study,.button-row,.skip-link,.site-footer{display:none}.container{width:100%}.hero{display:block;padding-top:0}.hero h1{font-size:36pt}.intro,.hero .market-note,.hero .button-row,.hero-email{width:auto}.section{grid-template-columns:140px 1fr;gap:20px;padding:24px 0}.paper-feature{background:#f3f3f3}.hero-copy a,.paper-links a{color:black}.contact-section{padding:20px 0}.paper,.teaching-entry{break-inside:avoid}}

.paper-feature .coauthors{color:#59625e}
@media(max-width:720px){.hero{row-gap:0}.hero-copy{display:contents}.hero-copy>.eyebrow{grid-column:1;grid-row:1}.hero h1{grid-column:1;grid-row:2}.hero .role{grid-column:1;grid-row:3}.hero .affiliation{grid-column:1;grid-row:4}.hero-portrait{grid-column:2;grid-row:1/5;align-self:start;margin-top:0}.hero .intro{grid-column:1/-1;grid-row:5;width:auto;margin-top:27px}.hero .market-note{grid-column:1/-1;grid-row:6;width:auto}.hero .button-row{grid-column:1/-1;grid-row:7;width:auto}.hero-email{grid-column:1/-1;grid-row:8;width:auto}.hero-portrait figcaption{margin-bottom:0}}

.news-section{display:grid;grid-template-columns:220px minmax(0,1fr);gap:54px;padding:30px 0 38px;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.news-section .eyebrow{font-size:9px;margin-bottom:12px}.news-section h2{font-size:26px;line-height:1.25}.news-item{display:grid;grid-template-columns:88px 1fr;gap:18px;padding:0 0 15px}.news-item:last-child{padding-bottom:0}.news-date{font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.4px;color:#526b7e;padding-top:2px}.news-item p{font-size:12px;line-height:1.85;margin:0}.news-item a{white-space:normal}.site-nav{gap:22px}
@media(max-width:1000px){.news-section{grid-template-columns:180px 1fr;gap:32px}.site-nav{gap:20px}}
@media(max-width:720px){.news-section{display:block;padding:29px 0}.news-section .section-heading{margin-bottom:23px}.news-section h2{font-size:27px}.news-item{grid-template-columns:71px minmax(0,1fr);gap:14px}.news-item p{font-size:12px}.site-nav{gap:8px 17px}.hero h1{font-size:36px}}

.presented-at{font-size:11px!important;line-height:1.85;color:#66706b;margin-top:21px}.presented-at strong{font-weight:500;color:var(--ink)}.thesis-link{font-size:12px;line-height:1.8;display:inline-block;max-width:560px}.email-button{margin-top:15px}.social-links{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px 24px}.hero-portrait:before{height:calc(100% - 4px)}

.result-figure{margin:25px 0 21px;padding:18px 17px 16px;background:var(--paper);border:1px solid #dddde0}.result-figure>a{display:block;max-width:520px;margin-inline:auto}.result-figure img{width:100%;height:auto}.result-figure figcaption{font-size:11px;line-height:1.8;color:#52615c;margin-top:14px}.figure-source{display:block;font-size:9px;color:#68736c;margin-top:7px}.figure-links{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px 20px;font-size:10px;margin-top:14px}.figure-links a{text-decoration:none;border-bottom:1px solid #b1b8b7}.contact-form{margin-top:28px;max-width:640px}.form-row{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:18px}.contact-form label{display:block;font-size:11px;margin:0 0 6px;color:var(--ink)}.contact-form input,.contact-form textarea{font:14px/1.7 var(--sans);padding:10px 12px;border:1px solid #bbc4c8;background:#fcfbf8;color:var(--ink);border-radius:0;width:100%;margin:0 0 17px;min-height:44px}.contact-form textarea{resize:vertical;min-height:130px;display:block}.contact-form input:focus,.contact-form textarea:focus{outline:2px solid #758b9a;outline-offset:2px}.form-trap{position:absolute;left:-10000px;width:1px;height:1px;overflow:hidden}.form-actions{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:20px}.contact-form button{font-family:var(--sans);cursor:pointer;min-width:142px;justify-content:center}.contact-form button:disabled{opacity:.6;cursor:wait}.form-privacy{font-size:9px;color:var(--muted)}.form-status{font-size:12px!important;min-height:24px;margin-top:13px!important}.form-status[data-state="error"]{color:#943e3e}.form-status[data-state="success"]{color:#415f4a}html[lang="zh-CN"] .result-figure figcaption{font-size:12px}.contact-section .social-links{margin-bottom:0}
@media(max-width:720px){.result-figure{padding:10px 10px 14px;margin:22px -6px}.result-figure figcaption{font-size:10px}.figure-source{font-size:9px}.figure-links{font-size:9px;gap:7px 13px}.form-row{display:block}.contact-form{margin-top:26px}.form-actions{gap:16px}.form-privacy{font-size:9px}.contact-form input,.contact-form textarea{font-size:16px}}

.contact-shortcut{font-size:11px;text-decoration:none;margin-left:22px;display:inline-block}.small-note a{text-decoration-color:#aeb7b1}
@media(max-width:720px){.contact-shortcut{grid-column:1/-1;grid-row:9;margin:10px 0 0}}

@media(max-width:720px){.section-aside{display:block;font-size:12px;line-height:1.7;margin-top:13px;margin-bottom:0}}

/* Reading contrast and theme controls */
:root{
  --ink:#273332;--muted:#596662;--green:#46647c;--line:#d4d8d3;
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  --button-ink:#fff;--button-hover:#354f65;--button-border:#98a8ac;
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  --caption:#4d605b;--error:#953b3b;--success:#355b41;
  color-scheme:light;
}
html[data-theme="dark"]{
  --paper:#192126;--ink:#e8e7e0;--muted:#bac4c1;--green:#b1cadb;
  --sage:#293940;--lavender:#30323e;--line:#425158;--blue:#b1cadb;
  --surface:#222e34;--feature-bg:linear-gradient(115deg,#30313d 0%,#293239 55%,#293735 100%);
  --feature-edge:#a49eb5;--portrait-frame:linear-gradient(145deg,#464455,#364b47);
  --button-ink:#192126;--button-hover:#d0e0e9;--button-border:#849aab;
  --link-rule:#7c9395;--field-border:#71858e;--focus:#b1cadb;
  --caption:#c2ceca;--error:#f1b7b0;--success:#b8d5bc;
  color-scheme:dark;
}
body{font-weight:450;-webkit-font-smoothing:auto}
h1,h2,h3{font-weight:700}
a:hover{color:var(--button-hover)}
.site-header{background:var(--paper)}
.site-nav{min-width:0;justify-content:flex-end}
.site-nav a{font-weight:500}
.hero .intro{font-size:16px}
.name-zh{color:var(--muted)}
.hero-portrait:before{background:var(--portrait-frame)}
.paper-feature{background:var(--feature-bg);border-top-color:var(--feature-edge)}
.paper-feature .paper-title{font-size:29px;font-weight:700;line-height:1.27;letter-spacing:-.35px}
.paper .paper-title{font-weight:700;line-height:1.3}
.paper-summary,.paper>p{font-size:15px}
.paper-feature .eyebrow,.paper-feature .coauthors{color:var(--muted)}
.intro a,.small-note a{text-decoration-color:var(--link-rule)}
.button{color:var(--button-ink);font-weight:600}
.button:hover{background:var(--button-hover);color:var(--button-ink)}
.button.secondary{color:var(--green);border-color:var(--button-border)}
.paper-links a,.figure-links a{border-bottom-color:var(--link-rule)}
.button.secondary:hover{color:var(--green)}
details{border-top-color:var(--line)}
.news-date{color:var(--green);font-weight:500}
.news-item p{font-size:13px}
.presented-at{color:var(--muted)}
.result-figure{border-color:var(--line)}
.result-figure figcaption{color:var(--caption)}
.figure-source{color:var(--muted)}
.contact-form input,.contact-form textarea{background:var(--surface);border-color:var(--field-border)}
.contact-form input:focus,.contact-form textarea:focus{outline-color:var(--focus)}
.form-status[data-state="error"]{color:var(--error)}
.form-status[data-state="success"]{color:var(--success)}
.course-list li{border-left-color:var(--button-border)}
.theme-toggle{display:none;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:6px;flex-shrink:0;
  min-height:36px;padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid var(--button-border);border-radius:3px;
  background:transparent;color:var(--ink);font:500 11px/1.3 var(--sans);cursor:pointer;white-space:nowrap}
html[data-theme] .theme-toggle{display:inline-flex}
.theme-toggle:hover{background:var(--sage)}
.theme-toggle svg{flex-shrink:0}
[data-theme-icon-light]{display:none}
html[data-theme="dark"] [data-theme-icon-light]{display:block}
html[data-theme="dark"] [data-theme-icon-dark]{display:none}
html[data-theme="dark"] .university-brand img{background:#f7f5f0;border-radius:50%;padding:3px}
html[data-theme="dark"] .status-dot{background:#b1c9ae}
html[data-theme="dark"] .market-note{border-left-color:#a3b99f}
@media(max-width:720px){
  .theme-toggle{min-height:38px;padding:7px 8px;font-size:11px}
  .hero .intro,html[lang="zh-CN"] .hero .intro{font-size:15px}
  .paper-feature .paper-title{font-size:26px;letter-spacing:-.2px}
  .paper .paper-title{font-size:24px}
  .paper-summary,.paper>p,html[lang="zh-CN"] .paper-feature>p{font-size:14px}
  .news-item p{font-size:12px}
}
@media print{
  :root,html[data-theme="dark"]{--paper:#fff;--ink:#1e2726;--muted:#4b5753;--green:#334f65;
    --sage:#edf0ef;--line:#cdd2cf;--feature-bg:#f4f3f2;--feature-edge:#959c95;color-scheme:light}
  .theme-toggle{display:none!important}
}

/* A compact research profile and job-market references */
.hero h1{margin-top:0}
.research-position{margin-bottom:12px}
.research-profile{margin:0;font-size:13px;line-height:1.7}
.research-profile>div{display:grid;grid-template-columns:126px minmax(0,1fr);gap:12px;margin-top:7px}
.research-profile dt{font-weight:600;color:var(--muted)}
.research-profile dd{margin:0}
.hero-contact-links{display:flex;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:9px 22px;margin-top:22px}
.hero-contact-links .hero-email,.hero-contact-links .contact-shortcut,.reference-shortcut{margin:0;font-size:12px;text-decoration:none}
.referee-list{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:30px 38px}
.referee-list h3{font-size:22px;line-height:1.35}
.referee-list h3 a{text-decoration:none;color:var(--ink)}
.referee-list h3 a:hover{color:var(--green)}
.referee-list h3 a span{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:13px;font-weight:400;color:var(--green)}
.referee-list p{font-size:13px;color:var(--muted);margin:7px 0 3px}
.referee-email{font-size:12px;text-decoration:none;overflow-wrap:anywhere}
@media(max-width:720px){
  .hero h1{grid-row:1}.hero .role{grid-row:2}.hero .affiliation{grid-row:3}
  .hero-portrait{grid-row:1/4}.hero .intro{grid-row:4}
  .hero .market-note{grid-row:5}.hero .button-row{grid-row:6}
  .hero-contact-links{grid-column:1/-1;grid-row:7;margin-top:20px;width:auto}
  .research-profile>div{grid-template-columns:112px minmax(0,1fr);gap:10px;margin-top:9px}
  .research-profile{font-size:12px;line-height:1.8}
  .referee-list{gap:26px}
}
@media(max-width:520px){.referee-list{grid-template-columns:1fr}}
@media print{
  :root,html[data-theme="dark"]{--caption:#44554e;--surface:#fff;--button-ink:#fff;
    --field-border:#87928e;--link-rule:#8b9b94;--error:#853232;--success:#355b41}
}

/* Optional analytics: unobtrusive, equal-choice controls in both themes. */
.analytics-notice{position:fixed;right:22px;bottom:22px;z-index:30;width:min(470px,calc(100% - 44px));max-height:calc(100dvh - 44px);overflow:auto;padding:23px 25px;background:var(--surface);color:var(--ink);border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:5px;box-shadow:0 8px 40px #0002;font:13px/1.65 var(--sans)}
.analytics-notice h2{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:16px;line-height:1.4;letter-spacing:0;margin:0 0 9px;font-weight:650}
.analytics-notice p{margin:0 0 10px}.analytics-notice>a{font-size:12px}
.analytics-note{font-size:11px;color:var(--muted);margin-top:9px!important}
.analytics-actions{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px;margin-top:17px}
.analytics-actions button{flex:1;min-height:42px;padding:8px 14px;border:1px solid var(--button-border);border-radius:3px;background:transparent;color:var(--green);font:600 12px/1.5 var(--sans);cursor:pointer}
.analytics-actions button:hover{background:var(--sage)}.analytics-actions button:disabled{opacity:.55;cursor:default}
.analytics-settings{border:0;padding:3px 0;background:transparent;color:var(--green);font:inherit;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:4px;cursor:pointer;white-space:nowrap}
.footer-inner{flex-wrap:wrap;column-gap:22px;row-gap:8px}.footer-inner>p{margin-bottom:0}
.privacy-content{max-width:780px;padding-top:65px;padding-bottom:65px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.85}
.privacy-content h1{font-size:44px;margin-bottom:36px}.privacy-content h2{font-size:25px;letter-spacing:0;margin-bottom:20px}
.privacy-content section+section{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:32px;margin-top:32px}
.privacy-updated{color:var(--muted);font-size:11px;margin-top:34px}
@media(max-width:720px){.analytics-notice{right:16px;bottom:16px;width:calc(100% - 32px);padding:20px}.privacy-content{padding-top:36px;padding-bottom:40px}.privacy-content h1{font-size:34px}.privacy-content h2{font-size:23px}}
@media print{.analytics-notice,.analytics-settings{display:none!important}}

/* Research illustrations complement the title; empirical figures stay separate. */
.project-intro{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 220px;gap:26px;align-items:start;margin-bottom:20px}
.paper-feature .project-intro{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 230px;gap:22px}
.project-intro-copy{min-width:0}.project-intro-copy .coauthors{margin-bottom:0}
.project-illustration{margin:3px 0 0}.project-illustration a{display:block;text-decoration:none}
.project-illustration img{width:100%;height:auto;aspect-ratio:3/2;object-fit:contain;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:2px}
.project-illustration a:hover img{outline:1px solid var(--button-border);outline-offset:3px}
@media(max-width:1000px) and (min-width:721px){.project-intro,.paper-feature .project-intro{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 200px;gap:20px}}
@media(max-width:560px){.project-intro,.paper-feature .project-intro{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:16px;margin-bottom:20px}.project-illustration{width:min(100%,360px);margin:0 auto}.project-intro-copy{width:100%}}
@media print{.project-illustration{display:none}.project-intro,.paper-feature .project-intro{display:block}}